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LL.M. in European Law

Formation
LL.M. in European Law

LL.M. in European Law

2024/2025

Direction: Mme Sabine CORNELOUP

LLM - Droit

Diplôme Délivré:
Diplôme d’Université
Durée des études:
1 an

Présentation

About:

Entirely taught in English, the LL.M. in European Law is a university degree designed for international students. The courses are taught by a genuinely European team of highly qualified professors bringing together Paris-Panthéon-Assas University and reknown specialists from other European Member States.

The subject areas give students the opportunity to acquire a comprehensive understanding of European Law in most areas that fall within the competence of the European Union.

Language:

All classes are conducted in English. Students also have the opportunity to take French language classes if they wish to enhance their knowledge of French.

Academic Calendar:

From early September to early May.

Location of classes:

Classes will be held at the Comparative Law Institute, 28 rue saint Guillaume, 75007 Paris. French language courses are conducted at the Assas Centre, 92 rue d'Assas, 75006 Paris

Tuition fees and scholarships:

Students must pay a tuition fee of 10,000 Euros, payable in total by June 30th before the semester starts. In addition, students will pay administrative fees in the order of 260 Euros, and a national fee of 100 Euros.

No scholarship grant is available from Paris-Panthéon-Assas University.

Admission

Niveau d'entrée:
Bac +4

Profil recommandé

Entry requirements:

The LL.M. in European Law is open to:

  • Students who hold a degree in social sciences with a major in law or any other law degree awarded by a non-French University after completing at least 4 academic years or 240 ECTS
  • Students who hold a Juris Doctor (J.D.)
  • Students who have successfully completed at least 2 academic years at an American Law School (through an exchange between their home University and Paris-Panthéon-Assas University).

Application & Admission:

The selection procedure is based on an assessment of the application submitted by each candidate, and, if the selection panel choose to do so, an interview (skype, phone) with the candidate to determine final selection.

Please read the [[{"fid":"65632","view_mode":"default","fields":{"format":"default"},"type":"media","field_deltas":{"1":{"format":"default"}},"link_text":"Application guidelines","attributes":{"class":"media-element file-default","data-delta":"1"}}]]

Mandatory documents

  • Transcripts of records
  • Degrees and diplomas
  • English language test score (TOEFL with a minimum of 100 points if Internet-based, IELTS with a minimum score of 7.0/9 or Certificate of Proficiency in English (Cambridge ESOL))
  • A resume
  • A personal statement
  • A photograph

Once submitted, your application is reviewed by the Director of Studies.

Application period: From February 1st to June 15th 2024

Results: 2-8 weeks after submitting a complete application.

Programme

The Master in European Law consists of 11 seminars of 24h each, and 2 seminars of 12h each (288 hours of instruction in total)

Short description of the program of LL.M. in European Law

Seminar 1: Institutional and Decision-Making Structure of the European Union (24h)

Professor Carlo SANTULLI, Paris-Panthéon-Assas université, France
Professor Idris FASSASSI, Paris-Panthéon-Assas université, France  

This seminar is essentially dealing with the nature, the architecture, and the institutional system of the European Union. It also discusses the main features of the European legal order and the relations of this order with the law of Member States. The focus of this seminar is on the one hand, current and relevant issues such as the institutional reforms set up to face the current economic crisis and Brexit or the refugee crisis in Europe, and basic structural and legal issues that are considered the pillars of the European Union.

Seminar 2: The Internal Market - Four Freedoms (24h)

Professor Xavier GROUSSOT, Associate Professor, University of Lund, Sweden
Professor Gunnar Þór PETURSSON, University of Reykjavik, Iceland

The seminar deals with the law of the internal market. This substantive law, which is based on the economic freedoms (free movement of goods, freedom of establishment, freedom to provide services, free movement of persons, freedom of the movement of capital and of payments), constitutes the cornerstone of European integration. The aim of this course is to give an in-depth knowledge on this area by focusing not only on the specific freedoms but also understanding the transversal issues proper to all the freedoms as well as understanding the new challenges and boundaries of the internal market.

Seminar 3: Competition Law (24h)

Professor David BOSCO, Aix-Marseille University, France

This seminar examines the two essential parts of EU Competition law: substantive and procedural issues. At the end of this course, you will be familiar with the basic concepts of EU Competition law (such as relevant market, restriction of competition, abuse of a dominant position) as well as the actors involved in enforcement of competition law.

When presented with hypothetical facts, you will be able to identify:

  • Whether EU competition rules apply;
  • If so, which substantive and procedural rules apply;
  • The main steps of the reasoning to be conducted.

You will be able to consider substantive and procedural issues both from the point of view of undertakings and from that of enforcement authorities.

Seminar 4: External Relations of the European Union (24h)

Professor Christine KADDOUS, University of Geneva, Switzerland

The European Union is today a major player on the world stage. It asserts its identity through its foreign and security policy, as well as its bilateral and multilateral cooperation with other countries and regions of the world. This seminar will focus on several current issues in the external relations of the European Union. The perspective is a legal one, including political and economic reflections.

It will examine: The Treaties' provisions that provide the legal basis for EU and EC external action, the demarcation of competences between the EU, the EC and the Member States, the relations between International and Community law in matters relating to international agreements, the role of the European Courts in the interpretation and application of international agreements concluded by the EU and the EC and the effects of such agreements and of International Law in the EU legal order.

In addition, this seminar’s focus will be on the main fields of the external policies such as Common Commercial Policy, Common Foreign and Security policy as well as the links between trade policy and foreign policy in the areas of economic sanctions; the relations between EU law and WTO law, between EU law and UN law will be analysed. Special attention will be paid to the impact of the Lisbon Treaty on external relations.

Seminar 5: History of the Idea of Europe (24h)

Professor Emannuelle CHEVREAU, Paris-Panthéon-Assas université, France

From the Antiquity until our Modernity, different Foundations took a part in the Making of the Idea of Europe. Cultural and political aspects will be examined. The seminar will study the Greek Influence, the Roman Contribution, the Barbaric Changes, the Medieval Transformations, and the Renaissance Revival with a particular Regard on the first European Projects.

The analysis will continue with the diverse attempts to realize the European Idea. After the First World War, several European Movements presented peculiar projects but nationalism and Hitler's coming to power postponed the construction of the European institutions. After the Second World War, the idea revealed a new progress in the context of the Cold War, but the institutional creations only came in the fifties. Since 1957, the European Integration has given an important place to this continent in the world despite many crises. This seminar will also analyse the recent period and the renewal of Europe after the Lisbon Treaty.

Seminar 6: European Private International Law (24h)

Professor Sabine CORNELOUP, Director of the LLM in European Law and Professor of Private International Law at Paris-Panthéon-Assas université

This course covers essential principles relating to international jurisdiction, choice of law and free movement of judgments, in the field of civil and commercial matters. Emphasis will be put on intra-European relationships, but the course will also examine the interaction of the European judicial area with the rest of the world. 

It is designed as an interactive course, with a particular focus on case studies. It provides students with the complex tools and skills needed to understand and act within the internal market of the EU.

This seminar will study the following topics:

  • Introduction to EU Private international Law
  • The Brussels I Regulation - Scope of application and general jurisdiction rule
  • Choice of court agreements. The Brussels I Regulation - The Hague Convention of 2005
  • The Brussels I Regulation - Special jurisdiction in matters relating to contracts and torts
  • Parallel proceedings - Preventive and curative approaches
  • The Rome I Regulation - Party autonomy
  • The Rome I Regulation - The law applicable in the absence of choice - The Regulation's place within the global legal framework for sales contracts
  • The Rome I Regulation - Contracts with weaker parties - The directive on posting of workers
  • The Rome II Regulation
  • Recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments

Seminar 7: Human Rights: Europe and its Democratic Society (24h)

Federico FABBRINI, Full Professor of European Law at the School of Law & Government of Dublin City University (DCU), founding director of the DCU Brexit Institute

Europe is both an economic and political reality. On the political side, the European institutions (the European Union, the Council of Europe and the OSCE) have developed a European conception of democracy based on human rights and fundamental freedoms.

This seminar will study the main facets of this conception through legal texts and case law in the field of human rights. It will give particular attention to topics which are of common interest to the EU and the Council of Europe and will concentrate on current problems, like the fight against terrorism or the relationship between democracy and fundamentalism or extremism (a democracy capable of defending itself).

Is this conception of democracy proper to Europe?
What are its basic concepts (legality, Rule of Law, proportionality, etc.)?
What are the perspectives (the reform of the European Convention on Human Rights, the application of the European Charter of Human Rights, etc.)?

Seminar 8: Employment Law (24h)

Professor Marie MERCAT-BRUNS, Affiliated Professor at Sciences Po Law School and a tenured Associate Law Professor in Private Law and in Labor and Employment Law at the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (CNAM DISST)

From a comparative perspective, this course will cover current issues in EU employment law with a focus on discrimination law as it unfolds in France and the European Union. After a close look at how equality law has developed in the European Union, the course will focus more deeply on a series of issues including: the meaning of racial discrimination and diversity through positive action; proof of direct and indirect discrimination; systemic discrimination; sex discrimination and the equal pay gap; harassment as discrimination; parental rights; religious accommodation; age discrimination and its proxies; the concept of disability and of multiple discrimination. It is an interactive course focused on cases studies to understand the trends in EU employment discrimination law and the tools for strategic litigation.

Seminar 9: Company Law and Financial Markets (24h)

Professor Thierry BONNEAU, Paris-Panthéon-Assas université, France

The seminar will start with a short introduction about what are Financial Markets and a presentation of the most important European texts in the area, a presentation of the Committee of European Securities Regulators and the European Securities Committee.

The seminar will then cover the following topics:

  • Markets in financial instruments;
  • Admission of securities to official stock exchange listing; prospectus to be published when securities are offered to the public or admitted to trading;
  • Takeover bids;
  • Market abuse;
  • Financial collateral arrangements;
  • Money laundering;
  • The distance marketing of consumer financial services.

Seminar 10: Consumer Law (24h)

Professor Maria José AZAR-BAUD, Professor at Paris-Saclay University, France

Through the definition and the goals of Consumer law, one can better understand the main objectives of the European Union and how the discipline contributes to achieve the latter. Consumer law legal basis, Consumer policies (Statements, Programs, Action Plans and Strategy Documents) are therefore analyzed under the light of EU motivations and the principles of conferral, subsidiarity, and proportionality. 

The study of European Consumer law’s main actors (consumer and trader) and institutions are confronted to the Member States legislation. The existence of special consumer-protection regimes, arising out of specific provisions (i.e., Time-share, Financial services, Passengers’ rights, Data protection, Environmental rules), is stressed.

The main features of Consumer law are progressively studied: Unfair practices, Unfair terms, obligations arising out of the pre-contractual stage, during the execution of the B2C contract and in its aftermath, are core matters.

The means for the resolution of B2C disputes, both individually –i.e., small claims proceedings– and collectively –i.e., injunctive measures, compensatory collective redress (class actions)– are also tackled. Online and alternative dispute resolution processes are put forward.

To learn by comparison, students are encouraged to work on the legislations of their countries of origin. To understand Consumer law as part of the European motivations, students deal with Consumer law together with Fundamental rights, Human rights, Economic, Social and Cultural rights, Environmental law, amongst others. 

Seminar 11: Intellectual Property Law (24h)

Professor Josef DREXL, Director of the Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition, Munich, Germany

The seminar covers all aspects of European law relating to intellectual property by considering both primary (Treaty) law and secondary legislation. Important issues to be covered are the role of different IP rights in the system of the fundamental freedoms or the delimitation of Community power to legislate on IP.

International law will be studied to the extent that the EC is bound by IP Treaties, like the WTO-TRIPS Agreement in particular, but also the raising number of bilateral agreements with other states or groups of states.

The interface of IP and competition law will be of a particular interest, including the application of Art.81 EC to licensing agreements, of Art.82 EC to refusals to license or the regulation of collecting societies. With regards to secondary legislation, the seminar will select more focused topics that highlight how the European legislature deals with fundamental policy issues.

Aspects of applicable law and of the European judicial system for the legal administration of the IP system may also be discussed.

Seminar 12: European Environmental Law (12h)

Heike OTTERBEIN

European Environmental Law has a long-standing history at both national and EU level. Despite the lack of an explicit policy competence, the EU started adopting legislation to protect the environment already in the sixties and seventies. This was necessary to reduce disparities in the legislation of the Member States that could stand in the way to the establishment and functioning of the internal market. While some Member States served as forerunners to the development EU environmental law and constantly uploaded their standards to the EU level, other were exposed with this policy field for the first time. Yet, EU environmental law is more than the reproduction of the environmental law of the greenest EU countries.

Over time, it has acquired an identity of its own, to the extent that it has even re-shaped the identity of the greenest states. For example, one of such states, the Netherlands, is re-writing the whole of its national environmental law to copy the EU environmental acquis, encompassing nowadays, all possible fields, with soil protection and access to justice being probably the two fields in which EU environmental law is the least developed.

The peculiar multilevel structure of EU environmental law forms the core of this course. We will discuss its history, main governance features, including decision making, enforcement and judicial protection, as well as its main substantive fields.

More precisely, the learning outcomes for this course are formulated so that this course will provide you with:

  • Thorough knowledge of and thorough understanding of the main features of European Environmental Law (History, Governance, Decision Making, Enforcement, Judicial Protection, and Substantive European Environmental Law);
  • The ability to independently do academic legal research in the field of European Environmental Law;
  • The ability to independently participate in the debate in the field of European Environmental Law, with colleagues;
  • Understanding the requirements that are needed, because of the permanent and quick development of positive law, for self-study and creating own judgments.

Seminar 13 : Privacy and Data Protection Law (12h)

Adrien AULAS & Mathias le MASNE de CHERMONT, Lawyers at the Paris bar, Founders of French law firm Lighten and think tank Aeon

This course will provide students with a comprehensive, practical and critical overview of European data protection and privacy laws, with a strong emphasis on the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and specific focuses on sectoral regulation (ePrivacy Directive, forthcoming IA Act, Data Act and Data Governance Act).

Each aspect of data protection and privacy regulations will be explained from a theoretical and doctrinal perspective but also illustrated with real-world situations drawn especially from the lecturers’ practice. The course will also provide critical analyses of regulations and authorities’ doctrine and explore the technical, economic and political implications of EU privacy and data protection laws.

Students will be invited to engage in interactive discussions based on readings provided before classes.

Poursuites d'études

Career:

Graduates have the ability to seek jobs in all European Institutions, companies, law firms and governments. Several of the Alumni have decided to stay in Paris to follow their professional carriers and others have returned to their home countries.

Alumni are presently working at Allen & Overy, McDermott, Will & Emery, Winston& Strawn, Kirkland & Ellis LLP Waters, Kraus &Paul, Ropes &Gray LLP, Latham & Watkins, Simmons & Simmons LLP.

Contact

Registrar's Office:

Cécilia  Barrette Leduc

Ms Christine LE SAUX
Tél. +33 (0)1 44 39 86 10
Institut de Droit Comparé
28 rue Saint Guillaume
75007 Paris

Director of Studies:
Prof. Sabine CORNELOUP


Recruitment team

Contact

Institut de Droit Comparé
Service scolarité
28 rue Saint Guillaume
75007 PARIS

Tél. +33 (0)1 44 39 86 10
E-mail : christine.le-saux@u-paris2.fr

More information

Alumni students

 
Portrait of Jeiel Mensah

Jeiel MENSAH

I was rare as an American law student who was more interested in international law and policy than in our domestic system. Sure, I had been excited at the prospect of studying in a culturally rich cosmopolitan city. I now live and work in Europe and had not initially realized how many doors this program would open for me.
I am thankful for having had the opportunity to study at one of Europe’s most renowned legal institutions. I had the company of students with impressive academic and professional backgrounds: each of them pushing me to be better in some way. I had access to Europe’s most pre-eminent legal scholars who taught us attentively. I felt lucky every day to learn different legal aspect of the world’s most intricate political and economic union. I discussed fascinating and current legal issues: not just in class, but with officials working for the EU’s institutions. I know few other programs if any would have offered me this invaluable experience. I valued the chance to learn from the students in my cohort, our phenomenal professors, and the practitioners with whom we visited. I am grateful for the connections I got to make and proud of the community we have created for ourselves. I encourage you to join us.

Portrait of Lydia KRIKI

Lydia KRIKI

There is no place more suitable for someone to study European Law than in Paris-Panthéon-Assas université; and there is no city more appropriate for someone to apprehend the European spirit than the glorious Paris. Studying in this LL.M. Program gave me an incredibly fruitful and transformational year. Being taught by the leading experts of each field was both an honor and a privilege. Our professors helped each and one of us to experience the program in the way we had envisioned it and shared with us both knowledge and inspiration, taking the role of a true mentor. Moreover, the journey became even more exciting because of the accomplished, driven, and immensely talented classmates I met, coming from different backgrounds and bringing in their own special perspective. The LL.M. in European Law offers a deep insight to a broad spectrum of the discipline. However, the program’s qualities are far beyond than merely studying the EU law system. It is about a polymorphous and extremely rewarding experience, a valuable life lesson for young scholars and legal practitioners. In other words, highly recommended!

Durée des études : 1 an
Site(s) web(s) :
Diplôme délivré : Diplôme d’Université
Plaquette : Télécharger

Présentation

About:

Entirely taught in English, the LL.M. in European Law is a university degree designed for international students. The courses are taught by a genuinely European team of highly qualified professors bringing together Paris-Panthéon-Assas University and reknown specialists from other European Member States.

The subject areas give students the opportunity to acquire a comprehensive understanding of European Law in most areas that fall within the competence of the European Union.

Language:

All classes are conducted in English. Students also have the opportunity to take French language classes if they wish to enhance their knowledge of French.

Academic Calendar:

From early September to early May.

Location of classes:

Classes will be held at the Comparative Law Institute, 28 rue saint Guillaume, 75007 Paris. French language courses are conducted at the Assas Centre, 92 rue d'Assas, 75006 Paris

Tuition fees and scholarships:

Students must pay a tuition fee of 10,000 Euros, payable in total by June 30th before the semester starts. In addition, students will pay administrative fees in the order of 260 Euros, and a national fee of 100 Euros.

No scholarship grant is available from Paris-Panthéon-Assas University.

Niveau d’entrée : Bac +4

Entry requirements:

The LL.M. in European Law is open to:

  • Students who hold a degree in social sciences with a major in law or any other law degree awarded by a non-French University after completing at least 4 academic years or 240 ECTS
  • Students who hold a Juris Doctor (J.D.)
  • Students who have successfully completed at least 2 academic years at an American Law School (through an exchange between their home University and Paris-Panthéon-Assas University).

Application & Admission:

The selection procedure is based on an assessment of the application submitted by each candidate, and, if the selection panel choose to do so, an interview (skype, phone) with the candidate to determine final selection.

Please read the Icône PDFApplication guidelines

Mandatory documents

  • Transcripts of records
  • Degrees and diplomas
  • English language test score (TOEFL with a minimum of 100 points if Internet-based, IELTS with a minimum score of 7.0/9 or Certificate of Proficiency in English (Cambridge ESOL))
  • A resume
  • A personal statement
  • A photograph

Once submitted, your application is reviewed by the Director of Studies.

Application period: From February 1st to June 15th 2024

Results: 2-8 weeks after submitting a complete application.

Programme

The Master in European Law consists of 11 seminars of 24h each, and 2 seminars of 12h each (288 hours of instruction in total)

Short description of the program of LL.M. in European Law

Seminar 1: Institutional and Decision-Making Structure of the European Union (24h)

Professor Carlo SANTULLI, Paris-Panthéon-Assas université, France
Professor Idris FASSASSI, Paris-Panthéon-Assas université, France  

This seminar is essentially dealing with the nature, the architecture, and the institutional system of the European Union. It also discusses the main features of the European legal order and the relations of this order with the law of Member States. The focus of this seminar is on the one hand, current and relevant issues such as the institutional reforms set up to face the current economic crisis and Brexit or the refugee crisis in Europe, and basic structural and legal issues that are considered the pillars of the European Union.

Seminar 2: The Internal Market - Four Freedoms (24h)

Professor Xavier GROUSSOT, Associate Professor, University of Lund, Sweden
Professor Gunnar Þór PETURSSON, University of Reykjavik, Iceland

The seminar deals with the law of the internal market. This substantive law, which is based on the economic freedoms (free movement of goods, freedom of establishment, freedom to provide services, free movement of persons, freedom of the movement of capital and of payments), constitutes the cornerstone of European integration. The aim of this course is to give an in-depth knowledge on this area by focusing not only on the specific freedoms but also understanding the transversal issues proper to all the freedoms as well as understanding the new challenges and boundaries of the internal market.

Seminar 3: Competition Law (24h)

Professor David BOSCO, Aix-Marseille University, France

This seminar examines the two essential parts of EU Competition law: substantive and procedural issues. At the end of this course, you will be familiar with the basic concepts of EU Competition law (such as relevant market, restriction of competition, abuse of a dominant position) as well as the actors involved in enforcement of competition law.

When presented with hypothetical facts, you will be able to identify:

  • Whether EU competition rules apply;
  • If so, which substantive and procedural rules apply;
  • The main steps of the reasoning to be conducted.

You will be able to consider substantive and procedural issues both from the point of view of undertakings and from that of enforcement authorities.

Seminar 4: External Relations of the European Union (24h)

Professor Christine KADDOUS, University of Geneva, Switzerland

The European Union is today a major player on the world stage. It asserts its identity through its foreign and security policy, as well as its bilateral and multilateral cooperation with other countries and regions of the world. This seminar will focus on several current issues in the external relations of the European Union. The perspective is a legal one, including political and economic reflections.

It will examine: The Treaties' provisions that provide the legal basis for EU and EC external action, the demarcation of competences between the EU, the EC and the Member States, the relations between International and Community law in matters relating to international agreements, the role of the European Courts in the interpretation and application of international agreements concluded by the EU and the EC and the effects of such agreements and of International Law in the EU legal order.

In addition, this seminar’s focus will be on the main fields of the external policies such as Common Commercial Policy, Common Foreign and Security policy as well as the links between trade policy and foreign policy in the areas of economic sanctions; the relations between EU law and WTO law, between EU law and UN law will be analysed. Special attention will be paid to the impact of the Lisbon Treaty on external relations.

Seminar 5: History of the Idea of Europe (24h)

Professor Emannuelle CHEVREAU, Paris-Panthéon-Assas université, France

From the Antiquity until our Modernity, different Foundations took a part in the Making of the Idea of Europe. Cultural and political aspects will be examined. The seminar will study the Greek Influence, the Roman Contribution, the Barbaric Changes, the Medieval Transformations, and the Renaissance Revival with a particular Regard on the first European Projects.

The analysis will continue with the diverse attempts to realize the European Idea. After the First World War, several European Movements presented peculiar projects but nationalism and Hitler's coming to power postponed the construction of the European institutions. After the Second World War, the idea revealed a new progress in the context of the Cold War, but the institutional creations only came in the fifties. Since 1957, the European Integration has given an important place to this continent in the world despite many crises. This seminar will also analyse the recent period and the renewal of Europe after the Lisbon Treaty.

Seminar 6: European Private International Law (24h)

Professor Sabine CORNELOUP, Director of the LLM in European Law and Professor of Private International Law at Paris-Panthéon-Assas université

This course covers essential principles relating to international jurisdiction, choice of law and free movement of judgments, in the field of civil and commercial matters. Emphasis will be put on intra-European relationships, but the course will also examine the interaction of the European judicial area with the rest of the world. 

It is designed as an interactive course, with a particular focus on case studies. It provides students with the complex tools and skills needed to understand and act within the internal market of the EU.

This seminar will study the following topics:

  • Introduction to EU Private international Law
  • The Brussels I Regulation - Scope of application and general jurisdiction rule
  • Choice of court agreements. The Brussels I Regulation - The Hague Convention of 2005
  • The Brussels I Regulation - Special jurisdiction in matters relating to contracts and torts
  • Parallel proceedings - Preventive and curative approaches
  • The Rome I Regulation - Party autonomy
  • The Rome I Regulation - The law applicable in the absence of choice - The Regulation's place within the global legal framework for sales contracts
  • The Rome I Regulation - Contracts with weaker parties - The directive on posting of workers
  • The Rome II Regulation
  • Recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments

Seminar 7: Human Rights: Europe and its Democratic Society (24h)

Federico FABBRINI, Full Professor of European Law at the School of Law & Government of Dublin City University (DCU), founding director of the DCU Brexit Institute

Europe is both an economic and political reality. On the political side, the European institutions (the European Union, the Council of Europe and the OSCE) have developed a European conception of democracy based on human rights and fundamental freedoms.

This seminar will study the main facets of this conception through legal texts and case law in the field of human rights. It will give particular attention to topics which are of common interest to the EU and the Council of Europe and will concentrate on current problems, like the fight against terrorism or the relationship between democracy and fundamentalism or extremism (a democracy capable of defending itself).

Is this conception of democracy proper to Europe?
What are its basic concepts (legality, Rule of Law, proportionality, etc.)?
What are the perspectives (the reform of the European Convention on Human Rights, the application of the European Charter of Human Rights, etc.)?

Seminar 8: Employment Law (24h)

Professor Marie MERCAT-BRUNS, Affiliated Professor at Sciences Po Law School and a tenured Associate Law Professor in Private Law and in Labor and Employment Law at the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (CNAM DISST)

From a comparative perspective, this course will cover current issues in EU employment law with a focus on discrimination law as it unfolds in France and the European Union. After a close look at how equality law has developed in the European Union, the course will focus more deeply on a series of issues including: the meaning of racial discrimination and diversity through positive action; proof of direct and indirect discrimination; systemic discrimination; sex discrimination and the equal pay gap; harassment as discrimination; parental rights; religious accommodation; age discrimination and its proxies; the concept of disability and of multiple discrimination. It is an interactive course focused on cases studies to understand the trends in EU employment discrimination law and the tools for strategic litigation.

Seminar 9: Company Law and Financial Markets (24h)

Professor Thierry BONNEAU, Paris-Panthéon-Assas université, France

The seminar will start with a short introduction about what are Financial Markets and a presentation of the most important European texts in the area, a presentation of the Committee of European Securities Regulators and the European Securities Committee.

The seminar will then cover the following topics:

  • Markets in financial instruments;
  • Admission of securities to official stock exchange listing; prospectus to be published when securities are offered to the public or admitted to trading;
  • Takeover bids;
  • Market abuse;
  • Financial collateral arrangements;
  • Money laundering;
  • The distance marketing of consumer financial services.

Seminar 10: Consumer Law (24h)

Professor Maria José AZAR-BAUD, Professor at Paris-Saclay University, France

Through the definition and the goals of Consumer law, one can better understand the main objectives of the European Union and how the discipline contributes to achieve the latter. Consumer law legal basis, Consumer policies (Statements, Programs, Action Plans and Strategy Documents) are therefore analyzed under the light of EU motivations and the principles of conferral, subsidiarity, and proportionality. 

The study of European Consumer law’s main actors (consumer and trader) and institutions are confronted to the Member States legislation. The existence of special consumer-protection regimes, arising out of specific provisions (i.e., Time-share, Financial services, Passengers’ rights, Data protection, Environmental rules), is stressed.

The main features of Consumer law are progressively studied: Unfair practices, Unfair terms, obligations arising out of the pre-contractual stage, during the execution of the B2C contract and in its aftermath, are core matters.

The means for the resolution of B2C disputes, both individually –i.e., small claims proceedings– and collectively –i.e., injunctive measures, compensatory collective redress (class actions)– are also tackled. Online and alternative dispute resolution processes are put forward.

To learn by comparison, students are encouraged to work on the legislations of their countries of origin. To understand Consumer law as part of the European motivations, students deal with Consumer law together with Fundamental rights, Human rights, Economic, Social and Cultural rights, Environmental law, amongst others. 

Seminar 11: Intellectual Property Law (24h)

Professor Josef DREXL, Director of the Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition, Munich, Germany

The seminar covers all aspects of European law relating to intellectual property by considering both primary (Treaty) law and secondary legislation. Important issues to be covered are the role of different IP rights in the system of the fundamental freedoms or the delimitation of Community power to legislate on IP.

International law will be studied to the extent that the EC is bound by IP Treaties, like the WTO-TRIPS Agreement in particular, but also the raising number of bilateral agreements with other states or groups of states.

The interface of IP and competition law will be of a particular interest, including the application of Art.81 EC to licensing agreements, of Art.82 EC to refusals to license or the regulation of collecting societies. With regards to secondary legislation, the seminar will select more focused topics that highlight how the European legislature deals with fundamental policy issues.

Aspects of applicable law and of the European judicial system for the legal administration of the IP system may also be discussed.

Seminar 12: European Environmental Law (12h)

Heike OTTERBEIN

European Environmental Law has a long-standing history at both national and EU level. Despite the lack of an explicit policy competence, the EU started adopting legislation to protect the environment already in the sixties and seventies. This was necessary to reduce disparities in the legislation of the Member States that could stand in the way to the establishment and functioning of the internal market. While some Member States served as forerunners to the development EU environmental law and constantly uploaded their standards to the EU level, other were exposed with this policy field for the first time. Yet, EU environmental law is more than the reproduction of the environmental law of the greenest EU countries.

Over time, it has acquired an identity of its own, to the extent that it has even re-shaped the identity of the greenest states. For example, one of such states, the Netherlands, is re-writing the whole of its national environmental law to copy the EU environmental acquis, encompassing nowadays, all possible fields, with soil protection and access to justice being probably the two fields in which EU environmental law is the least developed.

The peculiar multilevel structure of EU environmental law forms the core of this course. We will discuss its history, main governance features, including decision making, enforcement and judicial protection, as well as its main substantive fields.

More precisely, the learning outcomes for this course are formulated so that this course will provide you with:

  • Thorough knowledge of and thorough understanding of the main features of European Environmental Law (History, Governance, Decision Making, Enforcement, Judicial Protection, and Substantive European Environmental Law);
  • The ability to independently do academic legal research in the field of European Environmental Law;
  • The ability to independently participate in the debate in the field of European Environmental Law, with colleagues;
  • Understanding the requirements that are needed, because of the permanent and quick development of positive law, for self-study and creating own judgments.

Seminar 13 : Privacy and Data Protection Law (12h)

Adrien AULAS & Mathias le MASNE de CHERMONT, Lawyers at the Paris bar, Founders of French law firm Lighten and think tank Aeon

This course will provide students with a comprehensive, practical and critical overview of European data protection and privacy laws, with a strong emphasis on the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and specific focuses on sectoral regulation (ePrivacy Directive, forthcoming IA Act, Data Act and Data Governance Act).

Each aspect of data protection and privacy regulations will be explained from a theoretical and doctrinal perspective but also illustrated with real-world situations drawn especially from the lecturers’ practice. The course will also provide critical analyses of regulations and authorities’ doctrine and explore the technical, economic and political implications of EU privacy and data protection laws.

Students will be invited to engage in interactive discussions based on readings provided before classes.

Poursuites d’études

Career:

Graduates have the ability to seek jobs in all European Institutions, companies, law firms and governments. Several of the Alumni have decided to stay in Paris to follow their professional carriers and others have returned to their home countries.

Alumni are presently working at Allen & Overy, McDermott, Will & Emery, Winston& Strawn, Kirkland & Ellis LLP Waters, Kraus &Paul, Ropes &Gray LLP, Latham & Watkins, Simmons & Simmons LLP.

Registrar's Office:

Cécilia  Barrette Leduc

Ms Christine LE SAUX
Tél. +33 (0)1 44 39 86 10
Institut de Droit Comparé
28 rue Saint Guillaume
75007 Paris

Director of Studies:
Prof. Sabine CORNELOUP


Recruitment team